Fintech Glossary

Explore our glossary of common terms, acronyms, and abbreviations to better understand industry-related language and how Fintech’s solutions fit your business needs.

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ABC (Alcohol Beverage Control)

State regulatory agencies overseeing the distribution, sale, and taxation of alcoholic beverages, ensuring compliance with local laws.

Accounts Payable Automation (APA)

The use of technology to streamline and automate the processes involved in managing and paying invoices, including invoice ingestion, data standardization, general ledger (GL) coding, payment scheduling, and reconciliation, reducing manual effort and errors.

Alcohol Distributor

A licensed middle-tier business in the U.S. three-tier system that buys alcoholic beverages directly from manufacturers (breweries, wineries, distilleries) and sells them to retail and hospitality businesses.

Alcohol Invoice Processing

Automated capture, standardization, and integration of alcohol-related invoice data from alcohol distributors into back-office systems, ensuring compliance with state regulations.

Alcohol Regulations

The legal requirements and guidelines governing the sale, distribution, and consumption of alcoholic beverages.

Back-Office Integration

Refers to the process of connecting accounting, inventory, or other internal systems with external platforms to enable automated data sharing and reduce manual work.

Bev Alc (Beverage Alcohol)

An industry term referring to alcoholic beverages, including beer, wine, and spirits, sold or distributed for consumption in retail or hospitality settings.

Cash on Delivery (COD)

A payment method where the buyer pays for goods at the time of delivery. This can include payment via cash, check, money order, or electronic fund transfer (EFT).

Cost of Goods Sold (COGS)

The direct cost attributable to the production or purchase of goods sold by a business, including costs for alcohol, goods, and supplies, critical for calculating profitability.

Credit Terms

The agreed-upon period a buyer has to pay a seller for goods or services after delivery or invoicing.

Data Standardization

The process of converting data from different formats and structures into a consistent standard, ensuring accuracy and seamless integration across systems.

Direct to Consumer (DtC)

Business model where alcohol producers sell directly to consumers, often requiring specialized invoicing and compliance processes.

Distributor

A business that acts as an intermediary which purchases products from manufacturers and resells them to retailers, hospitality businesses, or other end sellers.

EDI 810

An electronic invoice file type sent by a business supplying or distributing goods to a buyer.

EDI 832

An electronic product catalog file type that delivers product category information. (including description, pricing, etc.)

EDI 852

An electronic product activity file type sent by trading partners that provides details around inventory positions and movement.

EDI 879

An electronic price information file type used to communicate pricing for new items or changes to existing pricing for products.

Electronic Data Interchange (EDI)

A standardized electronic format for exchanging business documents between two organizations. Commonly used for invoices, payments, purchase orders, and product data, enabling automated, secure, and accurate data transfer without manual entry.

Electronic Funds Transfer (EFT)

The digital movement of money from one bank account to another without using paper checks or cash.

Invoice

A commercial document issued by a seller to a buyer that lists the products or services provided, their quantities, prices, and the total amount due for payment.

Invoice Date

The date an invoice is issued, which typically starts the payment timeline.

Invoice Management

The process of handling and processing invoices, including invoice ingestion, standardization, payment, and reconciliation, through a centralized platform for supplier, distributors, hospitality and retail operations.

Invoice Matching

The process of comparing invoices with purchase orders and delivery receipts to ensure accuracy and prevent discrepancies in payments.

Invoice Reconciliation

The process of verifying invoices against financial records to ensure accuracy in payments and reporting.

Manufacturer

The company that produces finished goods from raw materials that are sold to distributors, retailers, or directly to consumers.

Nonregulated Products

Items that do not fall under any sort of government (federal or state) or sector regulations; things like food, clothes, merchandise, etc.

Off-Premise

A business that sells alcohol for consumption away from the point of sale, such as liquor, convenience or grocery stores.

On-Premise

A business that sells alcohol for consumption at the point of sale, such as in bars, restaurants, or hotels.

Optical Character Recognition (OCR)

Technology that converts scanned or printed text into machine-readable data.

Point of Sale (POS)

Refers to the system or technology used by retailers to process card or cash transactions at the time and place of a sale, capturing real-time sales data including product quantities, prices, and customer information.

Price Book

A retailer’s master list of products and their assigned prices.

Product Catalog

A catalog of all products a hospitality or retail business offers with item descriptions, SKUs, features, and other details.

Purchase Insights

Data-driven reports on spending patterns, top products, and distributor performance, enabling informed purchasing and margin-protecting decisions.

Purchase Order

A document issued by a buyer to a seller, specifying the products, quantities, and agreed prices for goods or services; used for invoice matching and inventory management.

Regulated Products

Products subject to strict state or federal regulations, particularly for alcohol, requiring precise documentation and compliance with payment terms.

Retailers

Entities that sell goods directly to consumers through various distribution channels with the goal of earning a profit. Examples: grocery stores, restaurants, hotels, and bars.

Small to Midsize Business (SMB)

A business that falls into the small to mid-sized category, typically defined by revenue or employee count.

State Controlled

A system, organization, or resource that is managed, directed, or heavily regulated by a government authority instead of private industry. In the three-tier system, it relates to alcohol payment laws enforced by state authorities, dictating specific payment methods, terms, or reporting requirements for compliance.

Suppliers

Companies or individuals that provide goods or services to another business.

Supply Chain Partner

Any organization or individual that works collaboratively within the flow of goods from production to consumer.

UPC

A standard 12-digit barcode used to uniquely identify products in retail and supply chain systems.

Vendor

A business or individual that sells goods or services directly to another business.

Vendor ID

A unique identifier assigned to a vendor in a system for tracking invoices, payments, and relationships.

Vendor Onboarding

The process of setting up a new vendor in a company’s system, including collecting information and establishing payment terms.

Wholesaler

A wholesaler is a business that buys products in bulk from manufacturers and resells them in smaller quantities to retailers, distributors, or other businesses, but not usually to the end consumer.